回复: 文章的题目如何翻译：Determinables, Determinates and Determinants
我是“逻辑”外行，不过我对它有些兴趣，故不自量力，为各位搜索了一把，略有收获，特提供如下：
“Logic A pair of terms introduced in the twentieth century by the British philosopher and logician W. E. Johnson and further specified by A. N. Prior and J. Searle . The relation between determinates and determinables is one between the special and the general. For instance, “red” is a determinate of the determinable “color,” and Plato is a determinate of the determinable “man.” However, the relation is significantly different from the relation between genus and species . While a species is defined by adding an independent property (differentia) to a genus, a determinate cannot be specified by conjoining a differentia with the determinable. A determinate has a distinctively positive content. If it is correct to predicate a determinate of an object, the object must fall under the corresponding determinable term. Only if a thing can be colored, for example, may we predicate red of it. Thus, the determinable is a necessary and sufficient condition of predicability of the determinate. Determinates emanate from determinables as members of mutually exclusive groups, so that all determinates under the same determinable are incompatible. “I propose to call such terms as colour and shape determinables in relation to such terms as red or circular which will be called determinates.” （
http://www.blackwellreference.com/public/tocnode?id=g9781405106795_chunk_g97814051067955_ss1-78）
“英国哲学家和逻辑学家W.E.约翰逊在本世纪提出的一对术语，并由A.N.普赖尔和J.塞尔进一步阐明。确定物和可确定物的关系是特殊和一般的关系。例如，“红色”是可确定物“颜色”的确定物，柏拉图是可确定物“人”的确定物。但是，这关系与种和属的关系有着重要的区分。属是由把独立的性质（属差）加之于种，而确定物则不能靠把属差与可确定物连接而得到说明。确定物具有明确的肯定性内容。如果谓述一确定物为一对象是正确的，则该对象必定要列入相应的可确定物的项目中。例如，只有当一物可以着色时，我们才能谓述它为红色。因此，可确定物是确定物的可谓述性的必要而充分的条件。确定物作为互斥群成员来源于可确定物，以至于属于同一可确定的所有确定物是不可兼容的。” （
http://www.qiji.cn/baike/Detailed/16082.html）
另：有一个在我看来与此话题密切相关、或许直接可用的工具：
“
Determinates vs. eterminables
First published Fri Apr 26, 2002; substantive revision Tue Feb 22, 2011
Everything red is colored, and all squares are polygons. A square is distinguished from other polygons by being four-sided, equilateral, and equiangular. What distinguishes red things from other colored things? This has been understood as a conceptual rather than scientific question. Theories of wavelengths and reflectance and sensory processing ...” (以下内容略，比较长，各位可自看)
出自：
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy,
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/determinate-determinables/。
希望对各位有用。
